​Air Collection: The production process of liquid nitrogen begins with collecting air from the environment. Air consists of approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and small amounts of other gases like argon, carbon dioxide, and water vapor

​Air Compression: The air is compressed to high pressure (typically around 200 bar) using industrial compressors. This compression also increases the air's temperature

​Initial Cooling: The compressed air is passed through a heat exchanger to remove excess heat. Water or specialized cooling systems are commonly used in this stage

​Moisture and Impurity Removal: The cooled air is filtered to remove impurities such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other particles. This step is crucial because impurities can freeze at low temperatures and damage equipment

:​Cryogenic Separation Process (Fractional Distillation)
The air is gradually cooled to extremely low temperatures (below -200°C) in a distillation column
At these temperatures, the gases in the air condense into liquids. Water vapor and carbon dioxide freeze first, followed by oxygen condensing, and finally nitrogen is extracted as a liquid
Nitrogen and oxygen are separated based on their boiling points (Nitrogen: -196°C, Oxygen: -183°C)

​Storage and Purification: The liquid nitrogen is collected and stored in specialized tanks. For specific applications, the nitrogen may undergo additional filtration to increase its purity

​Packaging and Transportation: Liquid nitrogen is packaged in cryogenic tanks or cylinders and transported for use in various industries such as medical, food, electronics, and welding